Classical Planning is the planning where an agent takes advantage of the problem structure to construct complex plans of an action. The agent performs three tasks in classical planning: Planning: The agent plans after knowing what is the problem. Acting: It decides what action it has to take. Learning: The actions taken byContinue Reading

Backward Chaining is a backward approach which works in the backward direction. It begins its journey from the back of the goal. Like, forward chaining, we have backward chaining for Propositional logic as well as Predicate logic followed by their respective algorithms. Let’s discuss both types one by one: Backward Chaining in Propositional LogicContinue Reading

Forward Chaining is the process which works on the basis of available data to make certain decisions. Forward chaining is the process of chaining data in the forward direction. In forward chaining, we start with the available data and use inference rules to extract data until the goal is notContinue Reading

Resolution Method in AI Resolution method is an inference rule which is used in both Propositional as well as First-order Predicate Logic in different ways. This method is basically used for proving the satisfiability of a sentence. In resolution method, we use Proof by Refutation technique to prove the given statement. TheContinue Reading

Inference in First-order Logic While defining inference, we mean to define effective procedures for answering questions in FOPL. FOPL offers the following inference rules: Inference rules for quantifiers Universal Instantiation (UI): In this, we can infer any sentence by substituting a ground term (a term without variables) for the variables. InContinue Reading

Theory of First-order Logic First-order logic is also called Predicate logic and First-order predicate calculus (FOPL). It is a formal representation of logic in the form of quantifiers. In predicate logic, the input is taken as an entity, and the output it gives is either true or false. Syntax and Semantics of FOPL Syntax: ItContinue Reading

Inference rules are those rules which are used to describe certain conclusions. The inferred conclusions lead to the desired goal state. In propositional logic, there are various inference rules which can be applied to prove the given statements and conclude them. There are following laws/rules used in propositional logic: ModusContinue Reading

It is a branch of logic which is also known as statement logic, sentential logic, zeroth-order logic, and many more. It works with the propositions and its logical connectivities. It deals with the propositions or statements whose values are true, false, or maybe unknown. Syntax and Semantics of Propositional Logic Syntax and semantics defineContinue Reading

The Wumpus world is a game playing which provides an environment to the knowledge-based agent to showcase its stored knowledge. It was developed by Gregory Yob in 1973. About the game:  It is a single-player game. It is a cave consisting of rooms which are connected with one-another via passways. There isContinue Reading

In this section, we will understand how to represent the knowledge in the form which could be understood by the knowledge-based agents. The knowledge that is stored in the system is related to the world and its environment. It is stored in the system to prepare these systems to dealContinue Reading